Sylvan Island Essays - Moline, Illinois, Rock Island, Illinois

Foresty Island Kevin Danforth/David Zemke Teacher Tweet School Writing 101-15 16 Nov. 2000 The Sylvan Island Dream Bouncing into the water from a dam, going around through the trees, and angling from the shore were a portion of the many energizing exercises experienced by a youthful young man on Sylvan Island during the 1930's. In spite of the fact that these occasions were ample, they would before long reduce throughout the years. Republic take which gave numerous employments to individuals from the network left business and left nobody to keep up legitimate consideration for this present kid's play area. This island that once upheld trails for individuals to walk and ride bicycles, open land for family picnics, and a serene climate for one to unwind was presently loaded with contamination and brush that made it unimaginable for one to appreciate. Nothing was truly made of the island until the 1960's when Professor Norm Moline from the geology office at Augustana College chose to take a class over for hands on work. At the time the main goal was to give labs and experimentation to the understudi es. As the class proceeded, the understudy's center began to include the island's history and potential changes that could be made to the island later on. What initially began as a class venture currently ended up being a beginning stage in returning beloved recollections to numerous who invested energy making this island their home. Numerous understudies and workforce had long and transient thoughts of what should be possible to reestablish the island once more into what it used to be. In the long run many chipped in long periods of difficult work would be spent reestablishing the island. The undertaking would not anyway be finished by teacher Moline and his understudies. It would turn into a beginning stage in which a once little fellow named Jesse Perez who experienced and grew up with the magnificence of the island, would dominate and proceed with the mission in making Sylvan Island a home for some to encounter the islands delights for quite a long time to come. History of the Island Woody Island was made in 1865 in light of the fact that the U.S. government required more force so as to make a weapon store for the stockpile in Rock Island. The administration and Moline Water Power Co. chosen to make a dam that would give capacity to the armory just as the water organization. The administration would gracefully for all the costs yet the water organization would flexibly the land required. Plans for the dam were finished up in 1869 and expressed that the dam would be associated with the terrain at sixth Street. The dam would proceed with the island until it crossed the channel into Rock Island. By 1871, all manifestations of the dam were finished and both Moline Water and the munititions stockpile got the force required. Somewhere in the range of 1941 and 1942 Mid American Energy moved the dam toward the eastern piece of the island. From that point forward, no progressions have been made. In 1894 Sylvan Island was rented to Sylvan Steel Company which would assume control over the island. The factory would on normal produce 25,000 tons of steel each year. This sum was so high on the grounds that in 1898 a 5-ton heater was bought, and could deliver refined iron, hard and delicate steel, horticultural iron, trader bar steel, and steel shapes. There were likewise coal and gas-terminated heaters alongside four factories extending from eight to sixteen inches. That equivalent year Sylvan Steel and Republic Iron and Steel Company of Chicago would combine and become Republic Steel. There would be a sum of 150 representatives. At the point when the two organizations joined, the assembling of steel would now be from utilized rail steel. A wide range of farming devices and supplies were presently delivered because of the merger. The most prosperous year came in 1931 when 38,605 tons of steel was delivered. Republic Steel would be good to go until 1956. A wide range of ends have been made with regards to why the plant shut down. In the event that you were one of the workers, you would most likely say the explanation was on the grounds that the steel being created was excessively thick and incapable to be cut effectively, so huge organizations, for example, John Deer would no longer buy from the plant. Proprietors of Republic Steel said the explanation behind the organization's exhaustion is on the grounds that

Management Theorists Summaries

Chandler: The Enduring Logic of Industrial Success Main case: Successful organizations misuse economies of scale and degree in capital-serious enterprises by putting resources into: †¢ Production limit: innovation, look into and improvement †¢ Strong administration chains of command †¢ National and global promoting and dispersion systems Secondary cases: †¢ The ? st organizations to cause these speculations to rule their market and are First Movers; they have the high ground on the Experience Curve and in this way an upper hand, and they keep up their situation through steady advancement and methodology. †¢ Growth through irrelevant diversi? cation is a poor business procedure; the correct thought is moving into related item advertises or to extend topographically †¢ Companies in an oligopoly gotten more grounded through extreme rivalry. Organizations develop on a level plane by joining with contenders, and vertically by going in reverse to control mater ials and forward to control outlets. Greiner: Evolution and Revolution as Organizations Grow Main case: Organizational development is described by ? ve progressive formative stages, each with an administration center and style, and each followed by an anticipated emergency; the executives rehearses that work in one stage are unsatisfactory for the following and accelerate the crisis.Secondary claims: †¢ Organizations ought not skip stages; some go rapidly through them, some relapse †¢ Top chiefs whose style is not, at this point proper should evacuate themselves †¢ Growth is avoidable †¢ The fate of an association is resolved dominatingly by its history (conduct is resolved more by past occasions/encounters than by what lies ahead) Phases of development (CDDCC): †¢ Creativity: casual, extended periods, advertise criticism †¢ Direction: order, specialization, formal correspondence, directors, administrators †¢ Delegation: decentralized authoritative structure, engaging of lower-level supervisors †¢ Coordination: formal arranging, top officials start and administrate new frameworks †¢ Collaboration: cooperation, critical thinking, open-entryway lattice structure Phases of insurgency (LACRPs): †¢ Leadership: vital aptitudes to present new methods †¢ Autonomy: ? eld managers’ experience information is confined by the order †¢ Control: top chiefs look to recover control of the organization †¢ Red tape: overabundance limitations and guidelines, administration, ineffectualness in critical thinking †¢ Psychological immersion Barney Main case: Internal and External Analysis gives a fair perspective on a ? rm’s upper hand, which is a moving objective. Outside condition investigation (openings and dangers) can't clarify a ? rm’s accomplishment without anyone else; specialists must examine its interior qualities and shortcomings. VRIO Framework: †¢ Value: does a ? m’s as sets and capacities empower it to misuse a chance or kill dangers? (high status and quality, minimal effort and down to earth) †¢ Rarity: is an asset or ability constrained by few ? rms? †¢ Imitability: is there dif? culty and cost impediment in mirroring what a ? rm is doing? (history, various little choices, socially complex assets, implanted societies) †¢ Organization: are a ? rm’s approaches and systems sorted out to abuse its important, uncommon and expensive to-mimic assets? (revealing structure, the board framework, pay strategies) SWOT Framework: Composed by Internal and External Environment examination; intends to recognize the key issues confronting an organization. Qualities: inside assets and abilities †¢ Opportunities: outside patterns, industry conditions and serious condition †¢ Weaknesses and Threats: gives that must be routed to improve a company’s circumstance Tangible Resources: †¢ Financial: money or money counterparts, acquiring limit †¢ Physical: plants, offices, fabricating areas, hardware and gear †¢ Technological: exchange privileged insights, licenses, copyrights, trademarks, creative creation forms †¢ Organizational: vital arranging, assessment and control frameworks Intangible Resources: †¢ Human: experience, capacity, trust, administrative aptitudes, speci? c practices and strategies †¢ Innovation/Creativity: specialized and scienti? c abilities, advancement limit †¢ Reputation: brand name, quality, unwavering quality, reasonableness Organizational Capabilities: †¢ Competencies or aptitudes ? ms use to transform contributions to yields †¢ Capacity to join substantial and impalpable assets to accomplish an ideal objective Collins and Porras Main Claim: Successful organizations have an unmistakable vision made up from a center philosophy and an imagined future that propel workers and guide dynamic. Center Ideology: directs, rouses and makes work impor tant for representatives. †¢ Purpose: soul of and motivation behind why an association exists; hopeful inspirations †¢ Values: solid convictions about what is most significant Envisioned Future: †¢ BHAGs: clear, convincing objectives to connect with and stimulate; they should contain a quantifiable goal, be dif? religion however not feasible, and attainable in a drawn out period (10-30 years) †¢ Vivid depiction: paints an energizing image of things to come (what’s it going to resemble? BHAG types: †¢ Qualitative and quantitative for feasible targets †¢ David versus Goliath for a shared adversary objective †¢ Emulation of good examples for cutting-edge associations †¢ Internal changes for huge, built up associations Other Stuff Underlying Assumptions: they structure the premise of our convictions and thinking; they are the connection between the case and the proof (they clarify the pertinence of proof to the case). †¢ Reality: convi ctions about how things and occasions work †¢ Value: goals, norms of good and bad and how things should be PACCEs: consistently put an article through these ? ve ideas. †¢ Persuasive language †¢ Assumptions and qualities (convictions that influence how the creator sees the world) †¢ Claim (the more extensive issue, the postulation the creator needs you to acknowledge) †¢ Causal rationale (claims in regards to circumstances and logical results) †¢ Evidence (SCRAAP: is it suf? cient, clear, definitive, exact, exact, delegate? )

Like Burger King Only Not (Guest Entry)

Like Burger King Only Not (Guest Entry) By Shannon Elizabeth Moran 12 You know that feeling when you wake up right before your alarm goes off, or you put on that favorite sweatshirt youve had since forever, or you get home after a long trip and just put down your bags and sigh because it feels so good to be home? Yeah. Thats kind of what going back to MIT feels like. So I visited back in February, had probably the second best time of my life (getting accepted and learning Calculus are tied for first Im quite serious), and knew absolutely for sure hands down no doubts that this was the place for me. If you want to get technical about it, CPW served no other purpose for me other than meeting new people and eating free food. Both of which I was fine with. About 15.3 other people have already told you all the events that made CPW amazing, though, which sort of makes me repetitive. Of course, theres the among other things. But those alone doesnt do this place justice, though citrus tastes oh-so-delicious. The best parts of my CPW were a mix of And you know what? I ended up at half of them by accident, or they werent even on the schedule, or I just happened to be walking along and think, Hey, that looks like fun. So Class of 2013, even though youre probably all reading this and are thinking, Ohmygods I cant wait to watch bouncy balls fall out of the sky and play in a ball pit and eat liquid nitrogen ice cream, what you get out of CPW will not be defined by what you read on the schedule though that part will be awesome, too. You only get one genuinely pre-froshy CPW, so take advantage of it if youre walking around in Baker and run into a bunch of current students who want to talk to you, stop and talk. You might just be there for an hour. Or if you dont think youre the Greek type, go to a frat party anyway. You might just have an awesome night. Your CPW is going to be as completely unique as you, so make the most of it. I mean, this was just my CPW. Have it your way.

Walt Whitman and Drumtaps Essays - 870 Words

Walt Whitman and Drumtaps War is hell; there is no other way to put it. No matter how many times bards romanticize war and battle, there is that ultimate, inherent ugliness involved in the business of killing. There is no honor or heroism in dying for your country, you just die, it is a great tragedy and there is nothing you can do about it. Mortality is always present on both sides fighting the battle; there will continuously be casualties. Suffering, misery and destitution are constant whether on the march, sitting in the trench or charging across no mans land. The pain is felt on both warring sides, everyone suffers, war brings nothing but anguish, joy and happiness are non-existent. No one rejoices war, unless they are zealous†¦show more content†¦Even though the southerners are technically his enemy, he still loves them tenderly as he would his own kin. His family has been killed at the hands of his family. There were many pale-faced men as this who were unfortunate victims of civil warfare. Thi s is a terrible tragedy, and Whitman challenges this by asking what happens after these hard-fought engagements or sieges tremendous? What deepest remains (The Wound-Dresser, l 12)? The answer, only those who survive to tell the tale remain. Is it really something to celebrate after massacring your fellow countrymen? One might point out the heroics and bravery exhibited in the war, men have been made stronger and is just a growing experience for the country, but was one side so brave? The other was equally brave (The Wound-Dresser, l 8). The heroics and bravery are without direction in this war. If you commit a great act of sacrifice, then the results only hurt those whom you share land with, your countrymen, your brethren. Whitman grieves for these people, for my enemy is dead. A man as divine as myself is dead (Reconciliation, l 4). There is no purpose to this feud; it has extinguished a man, who is an equal, from this world. By speaking of his enemies as his equals and as divine as himself, he captures their humanity and in effect how inhumane it is to destroy them utterly. Through this portrayal of parity in the humanness of those who endure torture, Whitman thrusts out that the war ultimately

Why Bombs Should Have Been Used On Japan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 452 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Atomic Bomb Essay Did you like this example? Should the United States have used the Atomic Bomb on Japan? Well there are many ways to argue the case for and against the USAs deployment of atomic bomb in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In my opinion Yes the United States should have dropped the Atomic Bomb but for one thing Hiroshima was chosen because it had not been targeted during the US Air Forces conventional bombing raids on Japan, and was, therefore, regarded as a suitable place to test the effects of an atomic bomb. It was also an important military base. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why Bombs Should Have Been Used On Japan?" essay for you Create order There are many reasons why America would have chosen to drop the bomb and the majority can be seen as fair. At the point Japan was in a terrified position and at the same time   America had completed creating the Atomic Bomb; however, Japan refused to accept the offer. Yes we should have   dropped it because they had plenty of opportunities to surrender, and they didnt. We told them if they didnt surrender, there would be up against mass destruction put upon them. They chose to ignore it and brush it off. If we had invaded, then probably one fourth of Japans population would have been killed.   Yes, it was terrible that so many people died, but in the end   it was what the U.S. thought was necessary. One thing I dont accept that the atomic bomb did is a kill a lot of children who did not deserve to die. The simple reason for using the nuclear weapon was to keep American Soldiers lives from invading Japan on earth. Japan had a very strong force and some were terrified there could be some U.S. caulsilities.   But there were some people who thought that this nuclear weapons should not have been applied. Another reason why I believe that the atomic bomb should have been dropped was because America thought that Japan wanted world domination to save American lives. On August 6, 1945 the U.S. dropped the first bomb over Hiroshima, over 80,000 died instantly, 35,000 injured and 90,000 building were destroyed to pieces. The US claimed that they did it to save lives, a claim which found out that as well as this there also was money, technology, politics, science, communism, power, experimentation, military reasons and most importantly in my opinion, their burning desire for revenge. Yes the atomic should have been used on Japan. Truman wanted to prevent any spreading of communism from Stalin and stop him from expanding into Asia. However, I think that the main reason was to save the lives of Americans. If I had the say so of the atomic bomb I would have made sure it didnt kill people that were innocent.

Helping Children with Manners Free Essays

Manners are constantly changing from one century or one generation to the next. For example, a handshake originally was meant to show that men were not carrying a sword or dagger in their hands. Men still tip their hats because once knights in armor lifted the visors of their helmets to show their faces. We will write a custom essay sample on Helping Children with Manners or any similar topic only for you Order Now And it wasn’t too many years ago that a man almost always got up in a crowded bus and gave his seat to a woman. Nevertheless, certain manners do survive from one decade to the next, and this is because manners make life easier for everybody. There are three important ideas behind the good manners we use today: custom, consideration, and common sense. Custom is the habit of doing certain things like shaking hands and tipping hats mentioned above. Consideration is the most important idea behind all good manners. Almost always, being considerate is being well-mannered. Consideration is simply thinking about the way the other person feels. Being rude to someone are bad manners, not because a book says so, but because it causes hurt feelings. Nearly all good manners have in element of common sense. If you are standing in the rear of a crowded elevator, it’s neither reasonable-nor good manners-to try pushing your way to the front so you can get out first. These are the basic ideas we want to teach our children when we are trying to instill good manners-simple kindness, consideration, and common sense.   The following suggestions written for and directed to children may give some added authority in the matter of what is common courtesy and what is not. Manners at Home Home is where you learn to get along with people. ‘Me closer you live with other people, the more important good manners are. Everybody in a household should respect the rights and feelings of everybody else. Try to listen when others in the family have something to say. Even a little brother or sister who can’t yet read or a grandmother who seems quite old has a right to an opinion. It is important for members of a family to consider each other’s privacy. No matter how crowded a home is, everyone in it has a right to some place that is his own. Here are some privacy don’ts: Don’t open a closed door until you have knocked and waited for permission to enter. Don’t go into anyone else’s bureau, desk, box, or papers at home or anywhere else without his permission. Don’t read anyone’s mail or anything he has written (for example, a diary) unless he asks you to. Don’t discuss the private affairs of your family with outsiders or tell about a family problem. Another important part of family good manners is sharing. You share the TV set and the telephone and the bathroom and maybe a bedroom or a closet or a desk. You share the work. This means cleaning up after you and sharing the responsibility for the safety of everyone in the house. Telephone Manners Always give the person you are calling plenty of time to get to the phone before you hang up. If the person who answers is not the one you want, give your name and ask if you may speak to the person you’ve called. Ask, â€Å"May I speak to Tommy?† not â€Å"Is Tommy home!† If he isn’t in, you may leave a message. If someone dials your number accidentally, accept his apology. Everyone sometimes dials a wrong number. No one intends to. If you accidentally dial a wrong number, excuse yourself. It is considerate to make phone calls at a time when they will not disturb people. Try not to call too early in the morning (before about 9:00) or too late at night (after about 9:30). Try not to call at mealtime. It’s handy to keep a pencil and paper near the phone. If someone calls a member of the family who is not at home, ask the caller if he would Ilk to leave a message. If he does, be sure to get his name and number. 7 if you take a message are sure to remember to deliver it! Table Manners Most families have established their own table manners that are important to them. Here are a few that should be remembered when you are at home and when you are a guest Never reach for any food that is not right in front of you. Ask someone to pass it. And if you are passing something, don’t help yourself along the way. If your food is too hot, wait for it to cool. Don’t blow on it. If you put something in your mouth that’s too hot, don’t spit it out. Reach for your water and take a quick swallow. Don’t talk with your mouth full. Bring your food up to your mouth rather than bending over to reach it. There are a few additional rules for eating in a restaurant: Don’t be upset if you spill something. It happens all the time. The waiter will clean it up. Don’t pick up your silverware if you drop it on the floor. Ask the waiter to replace it for you. Don’t put packages or handbags on the table. Don’t comb your hair at the table. Don’t use a toothpick in public. Being a Guest We all know that we have certain responsibilities when we are the host or hostess. But there are responsibilities when one is guests that are equally important. Here are a few of them: Don’t go visiting unless you’re expected. Don’t overstay your invitation. Don’t expect to be waited on. Offer to help. Don’t plan to stay overnight without consulting the hostess and your parents. Don’t upset the family’s routine. Try to fit in and (your part. Don’t make extra work. Make your bed, straighten up after yourself. Be sure to say thank you for a meal or an overnight visit at a friend’s house. Manners on the Street Unless you are at home or at a friend’s house, you are on public property. Bemuse this property is used by many people, it is especially important that everyone use common sense and good manners. Here are some street don’ts: Don’t walk in bunches so that you block others. Don’t stop to chat in the middle of the sidewalk. Step to the side so that people won’t have to move around you. Don’t stare at or make fun of anyone, no matter how strange he may look. Don’t be a litterbug. Don’t mark on buildings or other public property. If you bump into someone or step on his toe, say you’re sorry. A Final Note to Parents You have most likely already dealt with most of the above suggestions with your child. However, when it comes to manners, children need frequent reminders. One of the best ways to teach manners is to role-play; the parent takes the role of host or hostess, guest, salesperson, someone at the other end of the telephone, etc. This reduces the child’s conception that the parent is nagging, and it is a technique that works. Website: www.childdevelopmentinfo.com How to cite Helping Children with Manners, Essay examples

Context Of Executive Remuneration Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Context Of Executive Remuneration. Answer: Introduction: From last few years, executive remuneration was considered as highly controversial subject which not only attract the attention of the public, but also attract the attention of the regulators, media, etc. (Clarke Branson, 2012). Curiosity related to pay packages of the executives is developing across the globe (Clark and Schor, 2008). Interest of the public in context of corporate governance increases because of the high profile failures of organization, and some of these failures have devastating impact on the general public. Even though remunerations paid to the executives as a mechanism of corporate governance has been used for the purpose of solving agency problems, it itself becomes an issue related to the corporate governance. This paper provides a brief description related to the executive remunerations components and theoretical perspectives. This paper discusses relationship between the compensation of executives and performance of the company. Further it discusses the causes because of which organization fails to align the remuneration of executives with the objectives of the company. Lastly, paper is concluded with brief conclusion which states key facts of the report. Executive Remuneration: Productivity commission of Australian government (2009) study stated that from the period of 1990s to 2007, there was strong growth in context of compensation paid to executives and also occurrence of large payments to the executives of the organization, even though performance of the company was poor, and this increases the concern of the community that remunerations paid to executives was not in control. Public shareholders were also keen because of the questionable practices in financial institutions abroad. Organizations pay compensation to the executives through different ways such as hourly workers or salaried professionals. Generally, payments made to executives were based on the profit earned by the organization. Generally, when company underperforms, executives of the organization receive fewer amounts related to their potential pays. On other side, if organization successfully meets its objectives and achieve higher profits then executives of the organization receive higher amount of profit (Rampling, 2015). Corporate Governance and executive remuneration: As stated above, executive compensation package is considered as hot topic of the debate, and number of researchers conducts research on the same. Connection between these two terms is very important and both ensure trust of the employees and good reputation of company. This section of the report defines the relationship between agency theory and executive remuneration, and it also states the relationship between corporate performance and executive remuneration. Agency theory executive remuneration: In large organization, problems related to agency generally exists, in which separation of ownership and control take place between three essential parties of the organization that are shareholders, the board of directors, and executives of the company. Shareholders of the organization are considered as owners of the company, board of directors of the organization are responsible to control the decision making process on shareholders behalf, and executives of the organization bear the responsibility to check day to day operations of the business. Chances are present that managers of the organization use the assets of the company to enhance their own lifestyle. In other words, executives grab the advantages of control power for the purpose of satisfying their personal needs such as using expensive cars and personal trips at the cost of organization (Neokleous, n.d.). Therefore, principal-agent theory is considered as the keystone of the compensation paid to executive and corporate governance. Compensation paid to executive is paid in different forms such as basic salary, bonus, stock options, restricted share plans, etc. Additionally, executive also get remunerations through loans and compensation schemes even after their retirement from the organization. At the time of retirement of CEO from the organization then he/she receives the performance shares owned. CEO also has option to sell and restricted stock accumulated, and this sis considered golden parachute. All these issues are considered as serious ethical concerns, and it directly affects the performance of the company and profits of the shareholders. It is necessary for board of directors of the company to regulate the executive compensation as per the regulations and provisions prescribed by the government (Balasubarmaniam, 2013). Executive Remuneration and Company Performance: Generally, compensation packages of executives include some necessary requirements related to the company performance, and relationship between executive pay and performance of the company is regulated by the executives of the company. Numbers of researches are conducted for the purpose of determining whether there is actually a relationship between the company performance and executive pay. Studies further stated whether these researches are positive and negative and how these affects the economic aspects of the company, and its reliability in the current market. Usually, three types of performance measures are there and these measures are market-based, accounting-based and individual based measures (Modau, 2013). Performance of the company is measured by using different sources such as return on assets (ROA), market-to-book ratio, earnings per share (EPS) and return on capital employed (ROCE), shareholder return and individual director performance. However, any negative relationship between the performance of the company and executive pay are result of the agency issues, which means executives of the company take undue advantage of their positions and act in fraudulent manner for the purpose of achieving high executive compensations. It must be noted that, unexpected failures of the company and financial scandals such as high compensation package to the executives of poorly performed companies, destroy the confidence of the shareholders and other investors in the organization. Shareholders of the organization trust the board of directors of the company and believe that board takes informed and ethical decision while managing the company. Irrelevant compensation to the executives of the organization shakes the trust of the investors in the board and this harmful for the reputation of the organization. Therefore, it is necessary for the board of directors of the organization to frame proper mechanism for executives pay packages. Causes for organizations failure to align the executive remuneration: System which regulates the pay of executives must not be isolated from rest operations of the organization, but it must be an integral part of the business model of the organization. Compensation paid to executives must attempt to provide motivation to the executives of the organization, as well as to the other staff members also. In other words, main purpose of executive pay system is to provide long term benefits to both executives and business. Additionally, these systems must be fair in nature and related to the actual effort and success of the organization. There is no universal method which provides the way through which remuneration package of he executives can be mapped with the value and efforts of the organization. Various researches stated that human resources and their judgments play most important role, and there efforts can be considered as quantitative measurements for the purpose of designing proper risk adjusted pay systems. The first and most important step for establishing the reliability is to seek proper balance between the fixed and variable elements of any plan. Following are causes because of which organizations fails to align the executive remuneration with the objectives of the company: Organization does not provide recorded salaries and bonuses to their employees: as stated above, from the period of 1990s to 2007, there was strong growth in context of compensation paid to executives and also occurrence of large payments to the executives of the organization, even though performance of the company was poor. Executives of the organization do not receive the amount which is actually recorded in the books, but they are receiving much higher amount than this. Executive of the organization fails to fulfill their responsibility towards the organization, shareholders, and other stakeholders. This is considered as biggest reason (SAPP, 2006). An annual change in the compensation packages does not show any changes in the performance of the company: generally, executives charge their remuneration as per the performance of the company, which means if company performs good then executives charge high amount as compensation, and if company performs bad then executive charge les amount. In other words, performance of the company decided the remuneration of the executives. However, in some situations executives of the organization get more pay even though company does not perform well, and this is considered as another big reason because of which company fails to align the objectives with the executive pay system. Failure to disclose executive remunerations in annual reports: there are number of annual reports of different organizations in which information related to the executives pay are hidden in plain view (CIMA, 2010). Generally,management hides the actual figures and policies related to compensation plan behind the thick layer of legal jargon. For dealing with all these issues, it is necessary that government and organization ensure effective reporting, especially at this time when issue related to the executive pay package is the center topic of debate. Through effective reporting, stakeholders of the organization shareholders get accurate information for the purpose of making resource allocation decisions. Regulators make strict provisions in this regard and demand more disclosures. Therefore, it can be said that remuneration package of the executives is considered as most important element of the success of any organization. It not only shapes the behavior of top executives of the organization but also determine the types of executives and their role required by the organization. Because of the pressure of public and regulatory bodies, directors of the organization reward the CEO with high financial gain for good performance, and similarly they impose penalty on the CEO for bad performance. Conclusion: After considering the above facts, it can be said that proper governance in the executive packages play important role and it is necessary for themanagement to frame proper regulations and guidance for this purpose. There is no universal method which provides the way through which remuneration package of he executives can relate with the value and efforts of the organization. Organizations pay compensation to the executives through different ways such as hourly workers or salaried professionals. Generally, payments made to executives were based on the profit earned by the organization. Executives use these methods in negative manner for the purpose of getting undue advantage of these methods. It must be noted that, when company underperforms, executives of the organization receive fewer amounts related to their potential pays, but in some cases executive charge high salaries even though performance of the company is bad. Various researches stated that human resources and their judgments play most important role in this context. In other words, Board of directors of the company play most important role in monitoring the packages paid to executives. References: Balasubarmaniam, N. (2013). Corporate Governance Issues in Executive Compensation: The Indian experience (20082012). Available at: https://iimb.ac.in/research/sites/default/files/WP%20No.%20426_0.pdf. Accessed on 13th March 2018. CIMA, (2010). Executive remuneration schemes and their alignment with business sustainability. Available at: https://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/Thought_leadership_docs/CIMA%20Executive%20remuneration%20schemes%20and%20sustainability.pdf. Accessed on 13th March 2018. Clark, A. and Schor, E. (2008) Your Company is bankrupt, you keep $480m. Is that fair?,Available at: https://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/oct/07/lehmanbrothers.banking. Accessed on 13th March 2018. Clarke, T. and Branson, D. (2012) The SAGE Handbook of Corporate Governance, London: SAGE. Modau, M. (2013). Relationship between CEO remuneration and financial performance of an organization. Available at: https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/40578/Modau_Relationship_2013.pdf;sequence=1. Accessed on 13th March 2018. Neokleous, C. Executive Remuneration as a Corporate Governance Problem. Available at: https://www.federalists.eu/fileadmin/files_uef/Congress_2013/PC_Reading_Material/PC1_Contribution_UEF_Cyprus_Reflection_Paper.pdf. Accessed on 13th March 2018. Rampling, P. (2015). CEO and executive director remuneration practice and corporate financial performance: a comparison of practices in the USA, UK and Australia. Available at: https://epubs.scu.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1475context=theses. Accessed on 13th March 2018. Sapp, S. (2006). The Impact of Corporate Governance on Executive Compensation. Available at: https://www.efmaefm.org/0EFMSYMPOSIUM/2007/papers/sapp.pdf. Accessed on 13th March 2018.

30 Minutes free essay sample

The digits flash red on the clock at the end of the ice arena. 6:45. These numbers bring on both groans and cheers from the skaters around me. The simple figures signify that Coach Michael’s weekly power class has begun. We circle around him and await the fateful word that defines the next half hour. Michael casually declares—â€Å"Intervals.† Skate hard. Skate fast. Never let a single girl pass you. In any other moment, the girls surrounding me are my teammates. Not here. Right here, for the next half hour, these girls are my competition in a race with no winner. The only hope is that after 30 minutes of sweat and burn, the pain will finally be over—â€Å"Push it!† pierces through the music-filled arena like blades cutting through the ice. 6:47. Only 28 minutes to go. Before 6:55 has a chance to appear on the clock to congratulate us on the passing of the first ten minutes, I enter my zone. We will write a custom essay sample on 30 Minutes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The ice stretches long in front of me, my fellow teammates become a common blur, Michael’s barks to â€Å"Bend your knees!† and â€Å"Keep your head up!† are like hollow whispers somewhere beyond the walls of the ice rink. All I know is the beat. 1-2-3-4. Push-cross-push. 5-6-7-8. Repeat. The music breaks and a new, more relaxed piece brings on a much slower tempo than the song before it. As I enjoy my chance for a breath, I hold a long edge and remind myself why I am here and will be for many Tuesdays to come. True, this half-hour class conditions me physically, but so does any one of my six on-ice practices per week. I am confident that when I take the ice for the 2008 Midwestern Synchronized Skating Championships, the results of this class will not exist in my physical capabilities, but rather, in my mental strength. The music changes back to a heart-pounding rhythm. My mind fast-forwards through the months of hard training to come and I see myself about to take the ice at the crucial competition that will qualify my team for the 2008 National Synchronized Skating Championships. I stand, clenching the hands of my teammates, excited by the skate to come, fearful of a disappointing performance, intimidated by the crowd’s roar for the team before us, and saddened by the truth that this could be the end of our season. As the preceding team’s music fades and the doors before us open, I take my first step onto the ice. With a heart-warming squeeze from the hand of my closest teammate, I am brought back to tonight’s power class and the tags of inspiration I receive from my teammates as we reach the 25 minute feat. At 7:10 on this particular Tuesday night, the 2008 National Championships do not seem too far off, and now, neither does 7:15.

Buying Essay

Buying Essay Buying Essay Buying Essay: Do Not Hesitate A lot of times no matter how hard you try you simply can not get something done or are constantly displeased with the results of your work. This also concerns the students, when they face the necessity of writing an essay and meeting all the requirements. Writing an essay requires good writing skills, and if you are not sure of yourself it is all right. Some people have good writing skills, others are good at speaking, and some people are good at economics, finance, and literature. You can easily find people who are skilled at writing. Everyone has his own advantages and talents. So, if you fall in the category of those, whose writing skills are not perfect, there is a solution of your problem buying essayfrom the custom writing service. You should not write an essay no matter how just to write it. And you should not let your grades fall only because of luck of needed skills, it is not fare. Successfully completing an essay, by the way, is not a sign that you know the subject. So, do not hesitate and use buying papers online. Buying Essay: Advantages If you buy your essay you can be absolutely sure to get your paper before your deadline. The format will be the one you need. So buying essay will save you from the important but boring and hard work, as writing several drafts and making researches. When you buy your essay or paper, you get excellent piece of writing. Plagiarism free report. Professional companies can honestly guarantee you, that the essay you will get is original, written especially for you. Also, it is properly edited and structured and follows citation and referencing guidelines. To buy an essay is as simple, as adding two and two: Buying Essay: Simple Steps Visit order page of the company you have chosen. Point the topic of your essay, state number of pages you need, the style you have to write in, also mention the peculiar details, which were provided to you. Leave your contact information. Choose the method of payment. Provide the information about your preferred payment method. Get your essay. When you get the paper, check it carefully to be sure that you are absolutely satisfied with it. Buying Essay: Writing Help If you do not want to spend your valuable time providing researches and brainstorming for ideas, work with us and you will get all the advantages of getting professional, excellent work. Popular posts: Reconstruction Term Paper Need Help Writing a Paper MLA Style Term Paper Islamic Religion Term Paper High School Term Paper

Should their be mandatory military service in the united states Research Paper

Should their be mandatory military service in the united states - Research Paper Example â€Å"There is a widespread feeling that there is no adequate force available now: that force which might reasonably have been deemed adequate three years ago has been shown by the European war to be inadequate, and from the standpoint of the immensity of the forces loosed upon the outbreak of war† (Ballou). The staffing of military personnel varies significantly transversely countries and above time. Although a number of countries, such as the United Kingdom and the United States, has relied and persist to rely on all-volunteer forces, the majority European countries follow a strategy of compulsory military service (CMS). â€Å"Voluntary service efforts will go on, whether or not we have compulsory service, because America has always been a charitable and compassionate Nation. Compulsory service programs would be another resource pool† (Does the United States Need Compulsory National Service?). The court upholds the right of the Government to organize and maintain the army. All 18 year old youth are supposed to register with the selective service system as the military service is presently intentional, the civilian agency with a responsibility of conducting a military draft when required by the law. The transformation to a voluntary force has caused many human rights problems. The military conscription is provided by the selective military service act. Enrollment in the armed force is allowed from the age of 17. The US conscription has been established many times specially, during war and also during nominal cold wars. The draft discontinued in 1973 and moved to a volunteer military force. And therefore there is no mandatory conscription at present. During the colonial period, the 13 colonies adopted a military service for defense. After the independence, the United States and other states required able males to enlist in the military service, to undergo training and to se rve for short periods in war

Quote expansions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quote expansions - Essay Example The streams of traditional progressive, radical queer and trans politics developed over time and in the context of a rapidly changing political, economic, and social landscape. There are two main features of the second half of the twentieth century that shaped the context in which the queer and trans movement developed which includes the active resistance and challenge by radical movement to state violence, and subsequent systematic counterattack, and the immense disorder and transformation of the global economy. Queer, trans, and gender nonconforming people are funneled into the criminal system for many reasons but primarily due to systemic oppression because trans, queer, and gender-variant people experience widespread discrimination, harassment and violence. This interprets into higher risks of imprisonment. Administrating gender can relate the above concept to three precise areas of jurisprudence where the presidential term of gender customs causes trains people the most difficulty. They consist of classification, sex separation, and access to health care. This concept illustrates how anti-discrimination and hate crime laws, are not succeeding to target the most pressing legal problems of the community. Furthermore, it conceptualizes how the governmental focus on areas like poverty law, immigration law, and disability law are the right objects of law reform intercessions. After the 9/11 attacks, the attitude toward gay and lesbian rights changed a bit, as Duggan (44) suggests. This reading relates to Spade’s reading in that it states how neoliberal politicians and state employers started accepting the diversity at the least level. There have been gestures of inclusion from the government, such as from Bush’s administration in the past, which aimed at including the sexual minorities into employment and other areas of life. No matter they are a

Impact Of Quantitative Easing On The Uk Economy Economics Essay

Impact Of Quantitative Easing On The Uk Economy Economics Essay This research proposal focuses on the concept and practice of Quantitative easing in context of UKs economy. The literature consists of elaboration of the need of using Quantitative easing to save Britain economy from recent global economic crises. It further explains the impact as well and covers all major areas which can have its effect. Economic downturn leads to apply the Quantitative easing which can be done through asset purchasing, lowering the interest rate and most importantly injecting cash directly into the economy. Recently world has suffered global economic recession which forced almost every country to take appropriate measures such as supplying more money into the economy. The recession badly effected UKs economy among all. Monetary Policy Committee adopted Quantitative easing measures under the authority of Bank of England in order to stabilize the economy and save UKs economy from the economic crisis. It is the role of Bank of England to maintain the stability of UK financial system and its economy. In the recent economic recession the new banking act has increased the powers of Bank of England which have authority to bank financial services and the market to actually deal with this stress situation. Monetary Policy Committee decreases the bank rate to 0.5%. In January 2008 the bank rate was 5.50% which continue to fluctuate and finally in 2009 it started with 1.50% and ended up as a reduction to 0.5%. (Source: www.bankofengland.co.uk). They are also focusing to have a low and stable inflation in order to do that a target has been set to keep inflation at 2% by the UK Government. Lowering the bank rate will take time to keep inflation in control. So there is a need to look ahead and decide an appropriate monetary policy. This leads Bank of England to decide purchasing of assets such as Government and corporate bonds so that the money supply will increase or they will purchase assets from private sector such as insurance companies or non-financial companies by crediting their account. Money can be in two forms either cash or bank deposits so in other words the focus in this policy will be to increase reserves of banks and the spending which ultimately lead to more flow of money in wider economy. According to Monetary Policy Committee the asset purchase will decrease the issues about liquidity and it will give companies sort of confidence so that they can borrow directly from the capital market. The Committee also defined a measured criteria related to supply of money so that it cannot increase beyond a certain limit and if the inflation target set by the Government will rise then monetary policy will use strict measures such as increasing bank rate or selling back the assets purchased to the market. (Source: Monetary Policy: www.bankofengland.co.uk) Rational of the Research topic: The research on this proposed topic is selected because of my own personal interest in the financial and economic systems especially of UK. The recent recession has affected everyone directly or indirectly the people suffered because of unemployment and low incomes. This actually directed my interest to know about the crises and the measures taken by authorities. It also provoked me to explore and gain comprehensive understanding about Quantitative easing. My previous research proposal during study was related to economic system of Pakistan and the role of State Bank of Pakistan this also initiate my interest in topic . After coming to UK the crises of economy was selling like hot cakes so it forced me to read articles and journals about the crises. This actually gave me an insight about the measures taken by Bank of England. Research Questions: Most importantly this research proposes the examination of a basic question: how successful Quantitative easing is in the stability of UK economy? Apart from this question it actually raises other questions as well such as: How the decrease in bank rate will reduce inflation in UK? What will be the criteria to control supply of money if it increases more than desired target? How will we know if the asset purchases are working? Will the performance of the banks increase? Will it be easy for companies to borrow direct from the market? Research Objectives: The basic objective of this research is to critically evaluate the Quantitative easing and its impact on UK economy. By analyzing of this process the research will intend to gain broad knowledge and insight about different monetary policies implied by Bank of England. How Quantitative easing increase the spending for companies and the flow of money which ultimately leads to a stable economy. Literature Review: The literature provided here is not conclusive because there is more to observe and discover in order to collect and review the literature. The nature of the topic is contemporary and current therefore more literature can be achieved by the passage of time. Norma Cohen (2009) stated that although Monetary Policy Committee has confidence in their Quantitative easing strategy to boost nominal demand but total lending to businesses further decreases. The consumer credit continued to shrink and uncollectable consumer loans increased. The Bank of England reported that the growth of money is on its slowest rate since December 2004. The borrowing also showing seasonal decline the size of this decline is more than expected. So Monetary Policy Committee should put more focus on measuring and increasing growth of money. (Source: www.bankofengland.co.uk) Daniel Pimlott (2009) expressed a view in his article in Financial Times that household disposable income has increased 1.2% in end of December and it has pushed saving ratio to 8.6%. He provides the reason in this rise that Bank of England decided to avoid rise in value added tax which ultimately enable people to save more without affecting the power of spending. He presented a view that such quick rise in saving suggests that UK economy may be closer to stabilize. There are clear signs that economy is improving in Britain due the measures of quantitative easing. The labor market is performing well comparing to the previous quarter and industrial production is rising considering the growth in both manufacturing and services industry because the Bank of England Policy of creating flow of spending and increasing the banks borrowing. (The Economist, November 12th, 2009) Mervyn King (2009) the Governor of Bank of England said in a press conference in November while presenting quarterly inflation report that UK economy facing delays in balance sheet adjustment. In order to rebalance UK economy needs to get away from private and public sector towards exports. The reduction in exchange rates is helping to smooth this process and the substantial reduction in fiscal deficit is quite clear. The Quantitative easing strategy of purchasing assets is proved handy but it is much smaller. Andrew Oxlade (2009) a well-known financial analyst wrote an article Recession Watch. He analyzed the impact of quantitative easing on UK economy and said that although the policy of Spending and Borrowing by the committee is core to get out of the recession but the investment fell and unemployment increases. Inflation is getting a bit high due the increase in oil price. Dr. Ros Altmann (2009) suggested that buying the gilts is not a proper way to ease the recession. Bank of England should emphasis on buying corporate bonds. So operating quantitative easing through buying gilts is not working efficiently. She further presented a view that buying gilts will increase the leak of money into overseas bond markets. But if they put more emphasize on buying corporate bonds then they can get money directly to the companies. Edward Hadas (2009) in his article on Telegraph analyzed that although the loan losses are increased but the aid provided by the Bank of England is massive which include minimal interest rate and sufficient supply of money. This is actually helping the economy to get a way out of recession. The liquidity push has given confidence to the investors in the form of cash to put in the market. Although the GDP was falling but now it has fallen less in few recent months. Economy is declining in a moderate way that suggests that the growth is coming back slowly. This is all due to the measures taken by the authorities such as Bank of England. Richard Taylor (2009) argued that there has been a major increase in business accounts in the banks. The new businesses are being started very quickly and it has exceeded the figures in last year. Richard Blackden (2009) analyzed the Delloitte Warns review and said that figures shows that the economy shrinks than the previous quarter and fears that the economy could go back to the recession. Methodology: The analysis of Quantitative easing and its impact on UK economy is based on further research only through this we can analyze the impact and its nature. There is a need to look through the process in order to evaluate the affect. Thats why the nature of this research proposed exploratory rather explanatory. The theory actually examines the continuity of the process and measures the trends in the market and the economic system of UK. There is also important to adopt qualitative research approach in order to include some focus groups like general population and banks to know the progress and relief. Observation method can be done in order to know the content and statistics about the topic. In order to know the effects of quantitative easing in the economy causal research is also handy so that the effects of different policies implied by Bank of England can be analyzed. A combination of in-depth interviews by financial experts and analysts and method of observation can also be used in order to address the research proposal. Interviews of experts can have structured interview based on specific questions and should include predetermined questions. There is a need to have a clear idea about the topic and should analyze facts and figures published by different financial institutions of UK. Data Collection Methods: While collecting the data through observation method the researcher needs to address the right source for that. The researcher will need to consider and monitor the continuity of the process of quantitative easing and could gather data by different articles and newspapers. The researcher also has to look through the facts and figures on different short periods of times. This can be done by obtaining data from bank of England quarterly report which includes all the figures related to topic. The focus should be on banks performance and overall economy considering the unemployment and inflation and household income. In order to know that quantitative easing is really working there is a need to consider previous quarterly reports as well and then do a comparison. This will help to simply and precise the data collection and the data collected by this will be valid as well. Moreover in-depth interviews can be done through telephones or meeting directly to financial experts to gather their opinions. Telephones interviews should be recorded on tape and while conducting direct interviews the important points should be noted down on paper. In such data collection method, interviewee is given the opportunity to talk freely about the topic. The interviews duration should not be more than half an hour for utilizing time a set of questions should be prepared prior to the interviews. Analysis of Data: The research consists of in-depth interviews as well as considering the observations and obtaining the facts and figure in the analysis. That is why the research purposes both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis. Obtaining the facts and figures through observation will require managing the data and then statistical analysis. This can be done through using the Microsoft Excel spread sheet which can show graphical presentation of the data as well. In-depth interviews of experts will include qualitative approach based on the theory purposed by Miles and Huberman (1994) consists of components, procedures and outcomes. Components will include gathering data then its reduction and verification procedures include the coding, categorization, comparison and interpretation and outcomes gives explanation and description of the results. Resource Requirement: The most of the literature review will be obtained from newspaper articles and television news and press conferences. The fieldwork will include extensive use of internet facilities and also telephone. The interviews will include telephonic and direct meeting depending on interviewee convenience and preference. The topic of research is actually contemporary issue thats why newspaper reading is essential on regular basis. As there is need to conduct the interviews of financial experts so the researcher need to organize visit to some large banks such as Lloyds and Barclays. The visit can be to the head offices of these banks or to the main branches where the researcher can interview any senior correspondent of the bank. There is a need to get appointment prior to the visit. Gantt chart: (Week Commencing 18 January, 2010) Activity Jan-10 Feb-10 Mar-10 Apr-10 May-10 w/k commencing 18 25 1 8 15 22 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 Read literature ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- Objective ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- Proposal ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- Strategy Method ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- Collection of Articles ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- Develop Questions for interview ÃÆ'- Taking appointment ÃÆ'- Interview to Lloyds, Barclays financial Analysts ÃÆ'- Comparison ÃÆ'- Gather data ÃÆ'- Analyze data ÃÆ'- Update literature ÃÆ'- ÃÆ'- Finalize data ÃÆ'- Draft to supervisor ÃÆ'- Revise draft ÃÆ'- Print Bind ÃÆ'- Submission ÃÆ'-

Transatlantic Airlines Report

We have analyzed the existing booking policy of TransAtlantic Airlines and identified potential cost saving.The implementation of the suggested new booking policy would lead to reduction of total expected costs per flight on average by  £8,100.Furthermore, the new policy would increase the predictability of total costs per flight. With 90% confidence new costs will be in a range  £750 and  £4,800 as compared to the current range of  £1,900 to  £20,300. The comparative description of the policies is presented in table 1.Analysis of existing policy quick fixBase case modelThe foundation of current policy is based on the analysis in table 1. We observe that the total costs for both classes are  £6,250. The analysis of existing model indicates that there are two controllable variables in yellow (booking level in both classes) and two uncontrollable variables in green (no-show %).Table Foundation of existing policyThe available data indicates that current policy assumes some e mpty seats on the plane. As there is no immediate justification to this assumption, overbooking of the plane should be targeted to minimize the costs.Table Quick policy fix By increasing the booking level for both classes,  £0 costs can be achieved (table 2).Scenario analysisTransAtlantic does not have data retention policy in place. Hence, TransAtlantic has applied the consensus of experts for the scenario analysis. The percentage of no-shows varies between 3% and 8% in economy class and 15%-30% in business.Our calculations indicate that base case scenario is equal to the best case scenario. The main reason is that both cases of over- and under booking the company incurs costs, therefore the cost minimization is only achieved when the number of passengers in each class taking the flight is equal to the corresponding capacities (table 1).In the worst case scenario, we assume the maximum no-show in both classes. The data in table 3 demonstrates that the cost of the missed opportuni ties (e.g. missed fare) is much higher than the passenger compensation costsWe have calculated that in the worst case the company can experience the loss of revenues of  £23,250 per flight.Table Worst case scenarioSensitivity analysisWe have identified that there are two independent uncontrollable variables in our model. The best way to quantify the uncertainty without the simulation is to conduct a sensitivity analysis.One-way sensitivity analysis allows identifying the influence of each variable on the total costs.Expectedly, we observe that zero-cost for economy class happens at 5% of no-show and for business class is 20%, as these levels are equal to full capacity utilization in each class.Any deviation from these levels results in the increased costs for the company. For the economy class the increase of no-shows by 1% point results in the loss of  £1,800, while a decrease of 1% point results in the loss of  £600. In business the corresponding figures are  £1,450 and  £300 (figure 1).In relative terms, the costs of 1% increase are 3 times and ~5 times higher than the costs of 1% decrease in no-shows for economy and business class correspondingly. The observation leads us to conclude that overbooking is a viable option for the airline. Analysis of two way sensitivity (Appendix A), helps us to identify the sweet spot of costs of no-shows (colored green).SimulationPolicy comparisonIn the simulation analysis we assumed triangular probability of no-shows based on the available data (economy: between 3%-8%, most people 5%; business: between 15%-30%, most common 20%). We have also used 5,000 iterations to calculate final results. Table 5 summarizes the results.Table Simulation output analysisAccording to our analysis the mean of the current policy equals  £10,800. This value is different from  £6,250 as the new estimated mean represents the expected value, which are the average costs weighted by their respective probabilities. The previous estimati on indicates solely the costs at one point.Quick look at the summary table helps us identify that the proposed quick fix is the least value destructing policy out of three policies. It has the lowest mean of total costs, the lowest probability of exceeding  £10,000 as well as the narrowest range of the cost.To be more assured, we have additionally conducted probability dominance analysis (figure 2), which tells that both current and quick fix policy have deterministic dominance (always better) then no overbooking policy (green line). Whereas the quick fix (blue line) has stochastic dominance over currently employed policy (red line). The outcome of current policy maybe occasionally better than our proposed solution, but in the majority of cases the quick fix policy will be better.Figure 2 Probability dominance analysisPolicy optimizationIn order to identify the optimal booking policy we have conducted simulation with 40 different booking levels for business and economy. As these t wo variables are independent, we have conducted consequential analysis. Results for business class level booking are in (figure 3). The detailed information about tested values is in Appendix B.Figure 3 Optimal booking policyWe have observed that the lowest expected value of total costs is achieved at 427 and 133 accepted reservations for economy and business respectively. The comparison of current policy against new policy can be found in table 6.Table Current vs new policy comparisonFurther model improvementsIt has been suggested that passengers upgraded from the economy class to business class, can additionally reduce costs.We have included this condition in the model and run the simulation with different booking levels for business and economy (see section on optimization). Expected booking levels are not affected by this change. No further adjustments to the booking levels are necessary due to overbooking in both classes,Nevertheless, in some instances, as we consider the whole spectrum of possibilities, we observe that there are occasions at which business class is not fully occupied. By introducing upgrade possibility we can indeed improve our overall results as seen from the following summary table 7.Table New policy with upgrade option Even though the improvement to the mean is limited to  £200 and the range adjustments also non-significant, we almost eradicating the chance of incurring costs more than  £10,000.This result ascribes to the partial offsetting of business opportunity costs (fare of  £1,450), with collected fare from economy class passengers of  £450 and the omission of compensation cost of  £150 to economy customers for overbooked flights. Thus, TransAtlantic airlines incurs only the cost of  £850 per business passenger instead of  £1,450 under the circumstance that business class passengers don’t show up and leave seats to extra passengers of economy class.

Effective Management Essay

An effective manager accepts the political nature of organizations. Power tactics are used to translate power bases into specific action, and there are a number of tactics that could be used in various situations. As a manager trying to influence your employees, what tactics would you personally be most likely to use? Why? It is often necessary to have political influence to enable organizational members to achieve their goals, especially if these goals involve some degree of change or innovation. Network is defined by Richard L.  Daft as, â€Å"a system that links together people and departments within or among an organizations for the purpose of sharing information resources. † But, a more common and more subtle form of political behavior involves networking. Networking is when an individual establishes good relations with key organization members and/or key people outside the organization in order to accomplish one’s goals. Something as seemingly trivial as the arrangement of furniture in an office can affect perceptions of another person’s power. One vivid example comes from John Ehrlichman’s book Witness to Power. Ehrlichman described his first visit to J. Edgar Hoover’s office at the Department of Justice. The legendary director of the FBI had long been one of the most powerful men in Washington, DC, and as Ehrlichman’s impressions reveal, Hoover used every opportunity to reinforce that image. Ehrlichman was first led through double doors into a room replete with plaques, citations, trophies, medals, and certificates jamming every wall. He was then led through a second similarly decorated room into a third trophy room, and finally to a large but bare desk backed by several flags and still no J. Edgar Hoover. The guide opened a door behind the desk, and Ehrlichman went into a smaller office, which Hoover dominated from an impressive chair and desk that stood on a dais about six inches high. Erhlichman was instructed to take a seat on a lower couch, and Hoover peered down on Ehrlichman from his own loftier and intimidating place.

Biography of John Lee Love, Black Inventor

John Lee Love (Sept. 26, 1889?–Dec. 26, 1931) was a black inventor who developed the portable pencil sharpener, which he patented in 1897. Not much is known about his life, but he is remembered for two inventions, the other being a plasterers hawk, which works much like an artists palette for a plasterer or mason. In the pantheon of African-American inventors, Love is remembered for devising small things to make life easier. Fast Facts: John Lee Love Known For: Inventor of the Love pencil sharpenerBorn: Sept. 26, 1889? in Fall River, MassachusettsDied: Dec. 26, 1931 Charlotte, North Carolina Early Life John Lee Love is believed to have been born on Sept. 26, 1889, though another account lists his birth year as sometime between 1865 and 1877 during Reconstruction, which would have put his place of birth in the South. Not much else is known about Loves early days, including whether he had any formal schooling or what prompted him to tinker with and improve certain everyday objects. We do know that he worked almost his entire life as a carpenter in Fall River, Massachusetts and that he patented his first invention, an improved plasterers hawk, on July 9, 1895 (U.S. Patent No. 542,419). First Invention The plasterers hawk traditionally had been a flat, square wooden board, about 9 inches long on each side, with a handle—basically, a post-like grip—that is perpendicular to the board and attached to its bottom. By putting the plaster, mortar, or, later, stucco on top of the board, the plasterer or mason could access it quickly and easily with the tool being used to apply it. The new design functioned much like an artists palette. As a carpenter, Love was likely well acquainted with the use of plaster and mortar. He believed that the hawks in use at the time were too bulky to be portable. His innovation was to design a hawk with a detachable handle and a foldable board made of aluminum, which must have been a lot easier to clean than wood. Portable Pencil Sharpener Another of Loves inventions, and one better known than the plasterers hawk, had a much wider impact. It was the simple, portable pencil sharpener, the predecessor of the small plastic device that has been used by schoolchildren, teachers, college students, engineers, accountants, and artists the world over. Prior to the invention of the pencil sharpener, a knife was the most common instrument used to sharpen pencils, which have been around in one form or another since Roman times (although pencils werent mass-produced in a form familiar to us until 1662 in  Nuremberg, Germany). But whittling a point on a pencil was a time-consuming process, and pencils were becoming more and more popular. The solution soon hit the market in the form of the worlds first mechanical pencil sharpener, invented by  Parisian mathematician Bernard Lassimone  on Oct. 20, 1828 (French patent number 2444). Loves reworking of Lassimones device seems intuitive now, but it was revolutionary at the time. Basically, the new model was portable and included a compartment to capture the shavings. The Massachusetts carpenter  applied for a patent for what he called his improved device  in 1897, and it was approved  on Nov. 23, 1897 (U.S. Patent No. 594,114). His design didnt look much like todays portable sharpeners, but it worked by a similar principle. The pencil was inserted into a conical sheath and was moved in a circle, causing the sheath and the blade inside it to rotate around the pencil, sharpening it. Instead of turning the pencil against the blade, as with todays portable sharpeners, the blade was turned against the pencil by the circular motion. Love wrote in his patent application that his sharpener could  also be designed in a more ornate fashion to be used as a desk ornament or paperweight. It eventually became known as the Love Sharpener, and his principle has been in continuous use since he introduced it. Legacy We dont know how many more inventions Love could have given the world. Love  died, along with nine other passengers, on Dec. 26, 1931,  when the car they were riding in collided with a train near Charlotte, North Carolina. But his ideas left the world a more efficient place. Sources John Lee Love  Biography: Inventor. Biography.com.John Lee Love: Inventor of the Portable Pencil Sharpener. KentagePage.com.Pencil Patents: John Lee Love’s Portable Pencil Sharpener. Pencils.com.